Sunday, May 25, 2008
Well, the launch day at Fiesta Island San Diego was pretty good considering that the previous days had some pretty strange weather. The NAR rocket club DART run by the current president Mike Jerauld was a good day. From 8 a.m. to 12 p.m. there was a large variety of rockets launched. Everybody there had a good and safe time. The San Diego Rocket club has a long history and I hope that they get an archive going soon that will have a copy of all the news letters tha have been circulated. Several good people that have helped keep the club operational have passed away and will not be forgotten. They have made a terrific impression upon me, and I hope to be able to spread their enthusiasim that they have given me to others.
Wednesday, April 30, 2008
Friday, April 25, 2008
everything must go




Everything rocket related in my garage is for sale. That includes the Rhino Lined metal magazine that has a secure lock on it, The Apogee guide rail launch pad, the Black Sky Rail Launch pad, the quad pad launcher and what you see in the photos and in the containers.
That includes my large library of books and periodicals, autographed paraphernalia.
If you live in the Murrieta California Area, e-mail me at rocketaholic@rocketshoppe.net and I will give directions.
Tuesday, April 22, 2008
Monday, April 21, 2008
The Bay Colony Rocket Club of 1981





The 1980s was a good era. Where I grew up we had started a little rocket club and it was a lot of fun.
My dad has now moved to an assisted living residence now and his house has been sold. I was given a big box of pictures to go through from the old house. I ran across these photos and it took me back. That was a good era. Retired astronaut Robert Crippen and his family lived in our neighborhood. He would attend some of our club meetings and it was motivating. The Space bug was in our club and I have never lost that.
I wonder where everyone else is that used to be in the club back then?
Tuesday, April 15, 2008
The TMRK Pegasus Model Rocket
The True Modeler's Rocket Kits make some very great model rockets that are worth the cost. I have enjoyed building their scale model rocket kits a lot. I had the great fortune to be asked to beta test one of their up and coming kits. It is a scale model of the Orbital Science Corporations Pegasus rocket.
I had previously built their four inch diameter Jupiter C kit and a smaller scale model of the Scout. Each one has been fun to build and a joy to launch.



As you can tell from lift-off, it was launched on a cluster of three Estes D12-3 motors, and it was picture perfect:-)

The lift-off was really nice. The Pegasus did a slow roll during ascent. It looked like it was a controlled maneuver.
I had previously built their four inch diameter Jupiter C kit and a smaller scale model of the Scout. Each one has been fun to build and a joy to launch.
As you can tell from lift-off, it was launched on a cluster of three Estes D12-3 motors, and it was picture perfect:-)
The lift-off was really nice. The Pegasus did a slow roll during ascent. It looked like it was a controlled maneuver.
Thursday, April 10, 2008
Wednesday, April 09, 2008
I am finally retired from military service and now will be able to catch up on my favorite hobby of rocketry. I have accumlated quite an amount of what my wife calls, "rocket junk". I consider it rocket history:-)
I will be posting a lot of this stuff on The Rocketry Forum. Some items in the picture have already been sold, but I still have a lot more to go through.
Friday, April 04, 2008
Saturday, February 16, 2008
My Nephew is a Rock Star:-)
I know that most of my items are of rocket videos and about my enthusiasim for space. But I am also a big Rock Band fan and avid drummer myself. So I am happy to brag about my Nephew who is in college, but is also a rock star on the side. He is with a group titled "Is He Safe". They have a good fan base and I think you may see them on TV sometime in the very near future. Please check out their music when you have a chance.Tuesday, February 05, 2008
Rocketry Lesson Plan Supplement
This is a good video from the Federation of Galaxy Explorers (aka FOGE).
Thursday, January 31, 2008
Saturday, December 15, 2007
Friday, December 14, 2007
A TRIP TO THE PLANETS with WILLY LAY 115 minutes 1960...
This is a great classic video from Willy Ley
Wednesday, November 21, 2007
Saturday, November 10, 2007
Tuesday, October 30, 2007
Altitude prediction program
A free altitude program
that may be good to try is WinRoc (http://www.drmoore.org/winroc.htm).
It is a Windows based program, but is very easy to use.
that may be good to try is WinRoc (http://www.drmoore.org/winroc.htm).
It is a Windows based program, but is very easy to use.
Saturday, October 27, 2007
For Those Rocketeers getting ready to Certify
For those new to the hobby of Rocketry who are looking for some software that may help with your rocket design. One source that is good is Nakka Rocketry
He has some great programs that will help with calculating the correct amount of 4F black powder to use for ejecting your recovery system when using an altimeter or any type of ejection system. One basic calculation is to use approximately 1/4 gram of black powder (4F) for every 20 cubic inches.
I will post my Level 3 project soon and the steps necessary for a successful qualification flight soon.
He has some great programs that will help with calculating the correct amount of 4F black powder to use for ejecting your recovery system when using an altimeter or any type of ejection system. One basic calculation is to use approximately 1/4 gram of black powder (4F) for every 20 cubic inches.
I will post my Level 3 project soon and the steps necessary for a successful qualification flight soon.
Monday, October 08, 2007
Monday, September 10, 2007
In The Shadow of The Moon
Ron Howard has finished producing another terrific movie that is due out now in September of 2007 at limited theaters. It may be in your area. If not please look at the link and make sure to buy a copy once it is out for sale.
I know that there are still a lot of people that support manned missions to the moon and beyond. The ones who support them are also very well aware of the risks, but they, including myself would love to go.
I know that there are still a lot of people that support manned missions to the moon and beyond. The ones who support them are also very well aware of the risks, but they, including myself would love to go.
Sunday, July 22, 2007
Wally Schirra tribute
He is one of a kind.
The cool competence displayed by Wally Schirra during the Gemini-Titan shut-down reflects the wisdom behind the decision to use test pilots to fly the early US spacecraft. Tom Stafford was also on this Gemini flight. He shared his memory with everyone today at the San Diego Aerospace Museum. It was really something.
Seeing Astronauts Today:-)

Today, I had the nice fortune of getting to see and listen to four very great men. Scott Carpenter, Tom Stafford, Eugene Cernan and Ed Buckbee.
They were down at the San Diego Aerospace museum today and it was a very rare treat to meet the men in person.
Scott Carpenter was the second man to orbit the earth after John Glenn and he was an aquanaut as well. Tom Stafford flew on a Gemini mission, Apollo 10 and on the Apollo/Soyuz mission in 1975. Eugene Cernan also flew on a Gemini mission, Apollo 10 and on Apollo 17. Eugene Cernan was also the last man to have set foot on the Moon in 1972, 35 years ago.
Ed Buckabee was the forum interviewer and also the author of a great book titled "The Real Space Cowboys that was also co-authored by Wally Schirra who had recently passed away in May of 2007.
Ed Buckbee, worked with Von Braun at Marshall Space Flight Center and as a NASA public affairs officer worked with all the astronauts who flew the Mercury, Gemini and Apollo missions.
He was selected by Von Braun to create and manage the U.S. Space & Rocket Center in Huntsville, Ala., and was founder of the U.S. Space Camp and, along with the Mercury 7, the U.S. Astronaut Hall of Fame near Kennedy Space Center in Florida.
Schirra has to be the most accomplished fact-checker in publishing history, the only man to travel in Mercury, Gemini and Apollo flights.
Along with a gallery of photos displayed throughout, the book comes with a DVD that has save-for-your-grandchildren moments, like a mini-documentary on Shepard's first flight, as well as some whimsical moments with elaborate practical jokes. "Levity is lubricant of crises," Schirra said, explaining the astronauts' love of a good "gotcha."
The fun-loving side -- Shepard once borrowed an Indy 500 race car and drove it onto Johnson Space Center, just to trump Schirra's pride in a new Ferrari -- mixes wonderfully and entertainingly with the contemplative side in this book.
What Buckbee and Schirra proved conclusively in "The Real Space Cowboys" is there was plenty of fascinating stuff to write, years after "The Right Stuff."
The forum was really nice. It was really great to see a part of history in person today.
Their final note that all four men conveyed to the audience is that this generation and the ones to follow should continue to explore space and beyond, inspire the youth do get involved.
"If you do not take an interest in the world, the world is not going to take interest in you". Continue to dream and never settle.
At the end of the forum, the Air Force color guard from Travis Air Force base did a very nice closing ceremony with respect towards Astronaut Wally Schirra. It was very moving, patriotic and well received by the audience.
Friday, July 20, 2007
LDRS 2008 in Argonia Kansas


It is funny that today of all days I found an article I had saved from Discovery Magazine dated December 1993.
It is about an earlier LDRS event that was going on in Argonia Kansas in 1992.
I had happened to be getting a Hair-cut at Camp Doha Kuwait when I had found the Discovery magazine there in the waiting room. I am a pack rat and a bonnified rocket nut, so I held on to the magazine article to this day. The article was written by Jeffery Kluger, titled "Let's Do Launch"
Argonia is a fun place to hold LDRS. I heard that this years LDRS at Jean Dry lake bed was a success.
I hope to make it Plaster Blaster later this year that will be held near Plaster City California this October 2007.
Below is the original article that was with the two photos:
Let's do launch
- amateur high-power rocket clubs
Discover, Dec, 1993 by Jeffrey Kluger
If you want to be unpopular in the technology community, there's no better way to do it than to become a rocket designer. For centuries rocketeers have consistently ranked near the top of most people's Least Favorite Inventors list, and with good reason. * The problems with rocketry started in the tenth century, when the Chinese first discovered that mixing charcoal, sulfur, and potassium nitrate could lead to sudden explosions - as well as to late-night calls from Japan, Korea, and Mongolia wanting to know what the heck the racket was all about and if China had any idea what time it was. The Chinese soon learned how to use their explosive mixture to produce the world's first gunpowder, bombs, and solid-fuel rockets, leading to more calls from Japan, Korea, and Mongolia saying that maybe they were a little too hasty in bothering China before and, honest, it was Thailand that made them call.
After the Chinese, rocket science plodded along slowly until the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, when the liquid-fuel rocket was developed. Although a lot of people tinkered with them, liquid rockets were perfected principally by Robert Goddard, an American engineer, and Wernher "Boom Boom" von Braun, a German visionary who had always dreamed of traveling to the planets but whose rockets kept winding up at destinations just short of there - like Trafalgar Square.
Fueled mainly by hydrogen ([H.sub.2]), liquid oxygen (lox), and kerosene (cream cheese), liquid rockets flew farther and faster than any missiles ever had before, but their inventors did not always receive the appreciation they deserved. Von Braun, who had expected to be handsomely decorated after World War II, instead surrendered to the Allies and was invited to move to New Mexico to build rockets for the United States. Given the choice between the Land of Enchantment and Nuremberg, Von Braun packed his bags and headed west, mostly because the health benefits and vacation package were better. (Goddard's fate has been even worse. Fully 72 percent of all college-age adults still appreciate him less for his ingenious multistage rockets than for his 1959 cinematic tour de force Breathless.)
But though things have always been tough for rocket professionals, the amateurs, at least, haven't been discouraged. So I discovered this past summer when I traveled to the town of Argonia, Kansas, to witness the annual orgy of model missile launching organized by the Tripoli Rocketry Association, a national organization of backyard rocketeers.
As anyone who grew up male and American during the early years of the space race could tell you, model rocketry was once something of a childhood rite of passage. At least two years in the life of every 1960s boy were devoted to building and launching light-weight rockets made of balsa-wood nose cones, balsa-wood fins, and cardboard bodies remarkably reminiscent of paper-towel tubes. While giving an airborne ballistic device to a preteen who can't yet be trusted with the keys to the Toro riding mower might seem like a bad idea, the hobby was in fact relatively safe - mostly because the government prohibited model rocket builders from using engines that conpanels and surrounded by a dozen or so men; another hundred yards beyond that was a row of 24 tripodlike launch-pads holding rockets that averaged about three feet in height. The whole spread had much the look of a miniature Cape Canaveral on launch day - with the exception that Cape Canaveral doesn't have Port-O-Sans and a refreshment tent.
As I got out of my car in a parking area reserved for nonrocketeers, I was just in time to hear a voice on the launch site public-address system counting down from five to zero, and in the distance I saw what appeared to be a rocket ascending about 2,000 feet into the air. The trajectory of the flight looked good, but after a few seconds the rocket arced over and seemed, to my alarm, to be heading back toward the ground without benefit of parachute.
"Incoming! Incoming!" yelled the voice over the public-address system. "We have an uncontrolled rocket coming down beyond the prime viewing area!"
Looking around and recognizing that I was alone in the parking lot, I shrewdly concluded that I was probably well beyond the prime viewing area and dove back inside my rental car - a '93 Ford Taurus with tape deck, air-conditioning, and, I dearly hoped, a reinforced steel roof. Peering out the window, I saw the rocket complete its reentry somewhat less ceremoniously than the old Mercury and Apollo spacecraft, returning to Earth somewhere between a '91 Chevy Lumina and an '88 Jeep Cherokee.
Already I had seen all I cared to see of the Tripoli gathering. I enjoy watching rockets as much as the next guy; I just don't enjoy watching them close in on me from 2,000 feet. Nevertheless, I had come here to meet rocketeers, and in search of information - or at least names for subsequent legal action - I figured I should talk to at least a few.
Wandering into the parking area reserved for the rocket launchers, I instantly realized that the members of the Tripoli club are nothing if not hardy. The event was being held in mid-August, when the temperature in Kansas is just below the smelting point of copper. Inside the tents it was even hotter, and by 10 a.m. most of the nearly all-male crowd had already stripped down to a handsome ensemble of shorts, sneakers, and T-shirts tied kerchieflike around their heads, giving each of them less the look of an American rocketeer than a sort of Lawrence of Argonia.
As I approached the guys at the control table, I could see that, of the men still wearing shirts, most were also wearing lapel stickers with HELLO, MY NAME is . . . printed at the top. None of them had written the name "Strangelove," "Oppenheimer," or "Hussein" underneath, and this I took as a net plus. The first person who stopped me to say hello, however, had written "Moose," and my optimism quickly faded.
Moose Lavigne, however, turned out to be a very friendly fellow and quite the rocketry professional. In his weekday life outside Argonia, Moose is a field site engineer at Cape Canaveral who helps launch Delta rockets. Why anybody who works all week firing off big rockets would spend his weekends firing off little ones was beyond me, though the Lavigne family is probably grateful for small favors. If Moose's specialty were proctology, the whole clan would no doubt be getting bundled off for Labor Day weekends at a high-colonic clinic. Moose's fascination with model rocketry, however, appears to go beyond the strictly professional.
"People who launch rockets are intrigued by the challenge of it," Moose told me. "When you're launching full-size rockets, you're working as part of a team; this means that any rewards and any setbacks are shared. When you're launching model rockets, however, you're working all by yourself, so the success or failure is all yours."
Standing with Lavigne was Gerald Kolb, whose attachment to all things airborne is much more down to earth. Kolb is one of the partners of Public Missiles Ltd., a corporation doing business in Mount Clemens, Michigan. What the company manufactures and sells, not surprisingly, is high-power rockets.
"Like most people here, I started building model rockets as a kid and quickly went as far with them as the kits and engines could take me," said Kolb. "When high-power rocketry got started, I jumped right into that. A few years ago I joined Public Missiles and have been building and marketing mail-order kits ever since."
Kolb explains that his customers - like most high-power rocketeers - are a fairly homogeneous group: mostly male, mostly professional, mostly former sixties rocketeers now falling into the 35-to-45 baby boom group. Nationwide, high-power rocketeers are divided into chapters (or "prefectures") that periodically hold their own local gatherings (or "launch meets") on farms or vacant land where there are few neighbors (or "plaintiffs") to be disturbed.
"High-power rocketry is something that a lot of us never get enough of," Kolb said. "National gatherings like this are the high point of the year for rocketeers, but across the country plenty of people in plenty of prefectures spend as much of their off-work time as they can doing nothing but this."
On nafziger's farm, this romance with the rocket was everywhere in evidence. While I spoke to Lavigne and Kolb, the launch site was kept constantly busy with rocketeer after rocketeer - some of them wearing T-shirts reading AS A MATTER OF FACT I AM A ROCKET SCIENTIST - carrying his model out to the pad, prepping it for flight, and then retreating mistily like a parent dropping off a child on the first day of school. When each new rocket was in place, the public-address announcer would read off its height, weight, thrust, engine size - and, I eventually expected, its order of finish in the swimsuit competition - and the crowd would stop what it was doing and turn to watch the flight. Most of these rockets, however, were small - about one foot to three feet high. What I had come to Argonia to see were the real macromissiles, and I decided to go off in search of them.
Wandering into the rocketeers' tent area, I caught sight of my first jumbo rocket, a yellow and black monster that looked like a dead ringer for a little four-inch missile - known as a Mosquito - that I had built during my own brief rocketeer career in the 1960s. The only difference between this Mosquito and my Mosquito was that this one was just a bit taller - seven feet taller, to be exact. The oversize rocket was built by Jim Cornwell, a cabinetmaker from Phoenix, Arizona, and from his first words it was clear that this was not a guy who would be content spending his leisure time collecting commemorative plates.
"I've built a lot of big rockets before," Cornwell said, "but this is the biggest. The body was made from a cardboard tube used as a mold for pouring concrete pillars. The nose cone is made of Kevlar and fiberglass, and the fins are a combination of fiberglass, balsa wood, aircraft foam, and birch ply. The whole thing weighs about 75 pounds."
The solid fuel Cornwell uses to fly his Mosquito, like the solid fuel used by most of the assembled rocketeers, consisted of ammonium perchlorate mixed with a rubberlike binder. There was enough propellant in Cornwell's Mosquito to produce 500 pounds of thrust for 5.2 seconds, carrying the rocket to an altitude of 4,000 feet and a speed of Mach .6. Cornwell hadn't actually flown his Mosquito yet, and though he was eager to do so this weekend, he would only if the wind and weather conditions were precisely right.
"Last year I built a 54-inch version of this rocket, but the recovery system failed," he said. "It flew three times but then disappointed me and crashed twice. Ultimately I just got fed up with it, sawed the top half off, and turned it into a pedestal for a coffee table." Want to bet the kids in the Cornwell family make it a point to bring home good grades?
Next to Cornwell was another rocketeer tent, belonging to Edward Conger and Benjy Levy. Conger and Levy were laboring over a few rockets - all nearly as tall as the Mosquito - but unlike Cornwell's tent, theirs was littered not just with fins, nose cones, and glue pots but also with circuit boards, laptop computers, and floppy disks, creating an overall impression of two people concerned less with launching a few cardboard rockets than putting a Macintosh into low Earth orbit.
Most of the electronic hardware, I learned, had to do with a very basic aspect of both model rocketry and real rocketry: determining how high your missile has flown. A couple of decades ago, I generally gauged the distance my rockets had traveled by using such crude measurements as "Over the Sappersteins' house" or "Onto the Sappersteins' house" or "Into one of the Sappersteins." Predictably, these units of measure were difficult to compute accurately, were impossible to convert to the metric scale, and eventually began to annoy Mr. and Mrs. Sapperstein. These days, however, model rocketeers have better ways of doing things.
"Inside our rockets," Conger said, "is an atmospheric sensor mounted on a circuit board and connected by aquarium tubing to a porthole near the nose cone. As the rocket rises, the tubing allows the sensor to sample the pressure of the outside air. Chips on the circuit board then record the readings and tell us how high the rocket traveled."
Beyond the Conger-Levy line, the rockets in waiting just got further and further removed from the tiny playthings of my youth. There was Richard Zarecki's 9-foot red, white, and blue Aurora, a model he had been designing and refining for 25 years. There was Mark Drass's Nike Smoke, a 10-foot-tall half-scale model of the Army's Nike sounding rocket. Finally, towering over both these brutes, there was John Baumfalk's 200-pound full-scale model of the 17-foot Patriot missile, the eagerly anticipated star of the Argonia show.
Though the crowd had applauded appreciatively when the smaller missiles went up, it was not until these big missiles started to fly that the real excitement began. Baumfalk's cardboard and balsa-wood Patriot was rolled out to the pad and - true to its advertising - needed only a plywood Colin Powell and a wax Wolf Blitzer to make it indistinguishable from the real thing. The PA announcer urged the spectators to give the rocket some room, and the spectators followed the advice instantly - moving en masse in the general direction of Colorado. After a five-second countdown, the engine ignited, the rocket shuddered on the pad, and, to the astonishment of no one more than Baumfalk, it leapt into the air and rose about 1,000 feet before falling to Earth beneath two huge chutes. Mark Drass's 10-foot Nike flew even more smoothly, although it took two count-downs to get it right. During the first one the nose cone alone took off, with a resounding pop reminiscent of a champagne cork. Next year, so rumors have it, Drass plans to launch an absolutely fabulous little Moet & Chandon, vintage '75 if he can possibly get hold of it.
But most impressive was Cornwell's Mosquito. With the threat of spending eternity as a piece of rumpus room furniture no doubt running through its fiberglass head, the rocket soared smoothly off the pad and climbed to about 4,000 feet, flying in what might have been the truest arc of the day. As it turned out, however, the weather wasn't as perfect as Cornwell thought, and after deploying its chutes at the peak of its flight, the Mosquito caught an air current and drifted off in a southeasterly direction, requiring Cornwell to leap into his truck and race off in pursuit, hoping to intercept the rocket before it left Kansas altogether and wound up somewhere between Oklahoma City and Munchkin City.
During the course of the three-day expo, at least 300 rockets were brought out to the pad; some met with disaster but most managed to make it into the sky and back to the ground with their fins, nose cones, and owners' egos still intact. Even before this twelfth annual event ended, the group announced that it had already scheduled its thirteenth, once again planned for summer and once again to be held on Nafziger's farm. From what I've seen, it's a good thing the rocketeers will be back - obviously the amateurs in Kansas could teach the professionals at NASA a thing or two. Wouldn't a shuttle made of paper-towel tubes at least be worth a try - if only so we could call the newly built ship the Bounty? Wouldn't NASA rocketeers named Moose - as well as Bullwinkle, Rocky, and Boo-Boo-seem more user-friendly? Wouldn't the space station Freedom make a terrific coffee table? In Argonia, at least, such ideas seem to fly.
Friday, July 13, 2007
For some comic relief Listen and enjoy
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"http://www.macromedia.com/shockwave/download/index.cgi?
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"WARNING"
Some jokes on the site have adult content. So please be aware and wear earphones if you have young children around.
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"http://www.macromedia.com/shockwave/download/index.cgi?
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"WARNING"
Some jokes on the site have adult content. So please be aware and wear earphones if you have young children around.
Saturday, July 07, 2007
Something I Thought I would share
Several years back (say the year 2000) I came across this very interesting Space Heroes item from Bandai on clearance at a Kaybee Toy Store. This was a very rare find. It was a very cool and very accurate look alike of Pete Conrad, Alan Bean and Charles Duke. I though these were a great tribute to a past moment in time. I had the fortune of being able to meet Pete Conrad as a young boy growing up near the Johnson Space Center in Clear Lake Texas, and then getting another chance as an adult while stationed at Camp Pendleton in California. He was promoting a synthetic oil product in the 90s while also working on the DCX SSTO project. This was one or two years before Pete passed away after suffering internal injuries from a motor cycle accident. He is a one of a kind person who has made a life long impact on me.
Anyway, I thought I would share these pictures and if anyone has a memorable moment to pass from any experiences with an astronaut please post them here.
R/S
Sunday, June 10, 2007
Spaced Out

I was in Texas in July of 2005, and I had stopped with my father in a town called Round Top. I read this article that I thought would be interesting to pass on to others.
SPACED OUT!
A Message from a Real Space Cadet
By Chris Travis
Editor of Round Top Register of Round Top, Texas
Everyone I know says I am spaced out. My wife tells me I’m distracted and self absorbed. She says I have no sense of time, lose things constantly, and cannot be trusted with appliances and says these things are evidence of my dysfunction. According to her, I fade in and out of reality all the time… but she doesn’t know the half of it. The truth is … I am a real space cadet.
My friends think I’m a pie-in-the-sky dreamer too, a guy who spends most of his time in La La land. They’re too nice to say it, but half the time they think I act like I’m from another planet. I try to tell them what I have discovered about the inner workings of the universe, but their eyes just roll back in their heads like the reels in a slot machine. It happens so often I have taken to cupping my hands under their mouths on the hopes I will hit the jackpot. So far the only payoff I’ve gotten is a spray of spittle when they burst into laughter.
I know I am hoist on my own petard. It’s my own fault that people question my credibility. Part of my problem comes from publishing this little newspaper. In the past, I must admit I have written a few things that stretch the truth. Many people doubt my in-depth interviews with Santa Claus and Bigfoot are the real deal. I understand that some folks question whether the Register is really locked in a vicious print war with the New York Times; that our columnist is really over two hundred years old; or that Round Tops’s Town Marshall is really 6’9” tall and rides tornadoes.
These are reasonable doubts, and I cannot deny that I might have played loose with the facts a time or two for the sake of art. But in all fairness, anyone who studies physics will find what most of us think of as “the real world” doesn’t even exist. One of the founders of quantum physics, Erwin Schrodinger, points out that at the atomic level, all matter performs in a “completely disorderly heat motion, which opposes itself to their orderly behavior and does not allow the events that happen between a small number of atoms to enroll themselves according to any recognizable physical laws.”
That means that if you look closely at the building blocks of the universe from which everything is made-your car, your kids, your dinner, your new pair of shoes-you won’t find anything that looks anything like “facts or reality.”
Reality is just a story humans tell one another so we won’t be utterly overwhelmed by the immensity and utter complexity of the world we live in everyday. The universe is incomprehensibly vast. Life is unfathomably complex. Few of us have the slightest idea what is going on around us, and for the most part, we don’t want to know. Understanding the truth is a real blow to the ego, so who wants to face it?
The fact that everyone makes up their own reality is just one of the basic truths that even the most backward of the galaxy’s species takes for granted, but here on the old home planet we are still having a hard time getting the message. People on our planet often think there is some “real objective” world that is the same for everyone. This kind of provincialism is very embarrassing for a space ranger like myself. Put yourself in my shoes, you are at a cocktail party at a penthouse in an upscale tourist colony orbiting a gas giant in the Betelgeuse system, and your host, who looks like a six foot tall oyster with chrome hood ornaments suddenly shouts “Humans believe what?” and the whole party breaks up in a riotous laughter.
This kind of thing makes is very hard to act cool. Belonging to what many interstellar beings consider “one of the goofiest looking species in the universe” is hard enough, but being an intellectual laughing stock just adds insult to injury.
That is one of the reasons I have decided to come clean about my secret life and try to explain what is really going on in the universe to the rest of humanity.
Sugar Crystals on a String
My Strange situation began a long time ago when I first became a space cadet.
It began innocently enough. I had a big imagination as a child and was fascinated with the workings of the world – why sugar crystals appeared on a string suspended in salt water; why the program in your hand shivers and quakes in a concert hall when the strings crescendo at certain notes; why snow flakes are all unique, and other amazing mysteries of science.
When I was a kid, the world was a source of wonder for me, and that wondering set me to wandering in my mind…and the next thing you know I was a space cadet.
It all started when I met Tom Corbette and the Space Rangers. Tom was an all-American boy, tried and true, and a fellow cadet at the Interplanetary Space Academy. He and I teamed up with tow other young cadets. Roger, who was a real wise guy but a crack navigator, and Astro, our massive but good-natured engineer. The four of us rocketed all over the solar system before I was out of the sixth grade.
In the summer after I graduated from elementary school, I discovered a book called Glory Road, and found myself hopping from one dimension to the next.
That was where all the trouble started. It was fun, flitting from one alternate universe to another battling impossible odds, but there are serious consequences when you defy the laws of physics, and before long I was paying the piper.
I first began to notice strange things happening when I was in the seventh grade. That school year I lost three watches and four coats. My mother assumed I was simply careless, but as far as I could tell those personal items just disappeared. Right away I realized they had slipped into another time /space continuum but it was hard to prove to my mom.
Sadly, a little known effect of such quantum phenomena is that there is a corresponding perturbation in the electro-chemical energies passing through the synapses of the brain when they occur…which means you can’t actually remember the alternate universe events when they happen to you.
I knew those watches including the one with Roy Rogers and Trigger on the dial must lie half buried beneath the purple sands of a distant world.
They were probably being crushed under the twelve armored feet of a methane-breathing three-headed desert beast rather than lost in my school locker.
But no matter how articulate my argument, I couldn’t convince my unimaginative mother.
When I came home from school without my coat for the third time, she grounded me. That’s when I realized my life as starfarer was better kept a secret.
Now all these years later, I realize that I am not alone. There are other people like me out there in the world, lonely and lost, never seeming to fit in, observing a universe that their friends and neighbors can’t seem to perceive.
They are normal people except for a few unusual quirks. They tend to lose anything not chained to their belts. They are constantly looking for their keys, their cell phones, their screw drivers and their wallets. Important papers vaporize on their desks at work.
They have no sense of time. They have a hard time remembering names and phone numbers and never read directions. They leave lights on all over the house and can’t be trusted with toaster ovens.
They spend a lot of time lost in thought, staring off into space with wistful expressions on their faces. Sometimes they become fixated on watching a cloud, or a crawling bug, or the reflection of light on water, and you have to shake them to get their attention.
In other words, they have the attention span of a four-year-old.
If there is anyone in your life like this, I ask you to be patient and forgiving. They may be annoying and hard to live with, but they’re behavior is an unfortunate side effect of an important mission.
They’re secretly defending the earth against invasion by the forces of galactic evil. So give them a break. It easy to get a little distracted when you’re standing alone against the death rays of the machine-beings from the Crab Nebula. Facing such responsibility, anyone could forget a birthday or two.
These people disserve your respect because they are performing a valuable public service. Defending the planet earth from total annihilation is a thankless job, but someone’s got to do it.
Dimensional Schizophrenia
To my clients, friends and neighbors, I am a regular guy who happens to be a little eccentric. They assume that I lose things and can’t remember people’s names because I simply don’t pay attention, or because my brain was damaged in the 1960’s by recreational drugs.
Actually, I am constantly cycling from one dimension of space to another. I’ll be in Round Top talking on the cell phone or sitting at the drafting board designing someone’s country home…and then all of a sudden I’m taking four G’s as my spacecraft leaves the atmosphere of the fifth planet out from Alpha Centauri in pursuit of insectoid aliens bent on galactic domination.
Needless to say, these circumstances make it difficult for me to maintain my professional composure in my architecture firm. It’s hard to explain what is really going on, so I find it necessary to preserve the charade that I am simply a garden variety ditz. This guise has long worked to my advantage.
You learn a few things about the behavior of sentient life forms when you hang out with aliens from all over the galaxy. I’ve seen it over and over in fifty different star systems.
When some species find out you are different – and Homo Sapiens are among them – it makes them afraid, and organisms that are afraid have a tendency to get nasty.
It’s long been my opinion that it’s better to take a little lip, than to have your lip busted.
As a result, I have lived a double life up to now. But, I am throwing caution to the wind. I’m going to tell everybody what I have found out in my travels about what is really going on here on the planet earth.
I have to run to the house because I forgot to turn off the coffee percolator and the Queen is afraid I am going to burn the house down. I’ll clue you in as soon as I get back.
The Ultimate Truths
of Life on Earth
Whew! That was close. The bottom of the coffee pot was starting to look like a black hole. Being dimensionally challenged is really irritating sometimes
Now back to the facts about life on earth. There are a lot of facts that earthlings don’t really understand of course, more than I have time to share. After all we are a primitive race from a backwater planet in the rural areas of a minor galaxy. So in order to simplify this, I am going to focus on the top seven.
Important Truth I
The Aliens are getting restless.
For the last million years or so, most of galactic society has ignored human beings. I mean, there have been a few good sitcoms based on human beings, mostly comedies similar to Bedtime for Bonzo, but for the most part no one really cared. Human beings were just funny monkeys scratching themselves. Alien societies felt safe from the various types of violent madness we are so good at cooking up because we were stuck on the surface of our own planet and couldn’t get at them.
But then Neil Armstrong set foot on the moon, and that changed everything. Those of us who were alive when that happened experienced a very rare event. Life on earth is roughly 300 million years old. Each of us lives an average of about 70 years. That means the odds that any individual organism would be alive when a representative of life on earth actually set foot on another world is 4,285,714,286 to one.
It’s not just the Beatles that make us a unique generation, and this fact is not lost on folks who live in neighboring star systems. They are especially paranoid because things are happening awfully fast. Our seed is spreading. Voyager I is now about 8.7 billion miles from earth and moving towards them at 46,000 miles an hour. They watch the History Channel. They know what nutcases we are and it is making them nervous.
Now what you need to understand is that most of our neighbors in the galaxy are pretty nice folks. They tend to be forgive and forget types.
But there are races out there that view us the same way we view a venereal disease, and if they decide we need a dose of antibiotics, we are toast.
That’s the main reason I have decided to speak up. We need to get our act together in the next couple of generations, or our communal butts are going to be in a sling.
Important Truth II
You live in your own little world.
Each of us makes up our individual reality. I mean really. I’m not saying the material world doesn’t exist. There is a world out there, but each of us perceives it differently in significant ways.
Throughout the galaxy, every different organism has its own “real world.”
Highly social species like us can coordinate our behavior by talking and mimicking each other, and by building a common living space to channel our actions, but those are just tricks our brains have evolved so we can get more food and make more babies than the other animals we compete with for survival.
Bottom line, you have to guess about what the other guy is thinking.
After millions of years of evolution, our brains have gotten very good at guessing, but you don’t have the slightest idea what is going on in the minds of your wife, your husband, or your kids….let alone behind the fevered brows of Osama Bin Laden or Tom Delay.
There is no point in worrying about what other people think.
There is no point in talking to other people about what they think other people think.
There is no point to watching television shows or reading books about what other people think. You’ll never really know.
So just relax and pay attention, because the only way you are ever going to get any idea what a person thinks is by listening to them and watching their behavior.
On advanced worlds, listening and observing are competitive sports. You can get a Ph.D. in them. In many societies, talking is seen as an unpleasant but necessary metabolic process, something like urination or defecation. The smartest people never say a darn thing!
Important Truth III
You are never alone. You just think you are.
You are really just a cell in a bigger organism.
Every advanced society in the galaxy understands this.
I know you think paying your own bills and having your own body makes you all grown up and independent, but the truth is that you and every other living thing is just a piece of the living earth.
All the incredibly diverse species that cover our planet are just specialized cells like those in your body. Some are liver cells. Some are stomach lining. Some are neurons.
I know this is a blow to your ego, but it is time to grow up and face the music. You aren’t really all that important in the grand scheme of things. Even humanity as a whole is not all that big a deal. Our living planet was growing and evolving just fine for hundreds of millions of years before anyone invented a BMW.
It may seem like the American Idol results show, or your hangover is the center of the universe, but it really isn’t.
The reason you think you are an individual is because all living systems are built of small pieces that must be distinct from one another if they are to work. Identity is necessary for their functioning, just as an individual cell is important to the functioning of your pancreas.
What a liver cell thinks about the liver makes no difference. All that matters is whether it secretes bile. The same is true for you. I know this is hard to swallow, but time is running out so I can’t afford to break it to you gently.
Important Truth IV
Everything in the universe is always running down.
Human scientists call this fact the Second Law of Thermodynamics, or entropy. Most physicists consider it the most general law of nature.
When the energy in any system – a star or a living organism – runs down to the point that it becomes a dead, inert lump of matter, it reaches a state that a physicist calls thermodynamic equilibrium, or maximum entropy. It can also be described as “greater order” as significant change in its form stops for all practical purposes.
Most substances degrade relatively rapidly from the relative disorder caused by heat to a more “stable order” as they cool to absolute zero, but the march towards maximum entropy exhibits itself in many other ways. When two solutions are mixed - for instance a jar of sugar water and a jar of plain water - the sugar has a “goal” of becoming equally distributed throughout the liquid water. When it reaches that state, maximum entropy is achieved.
Such effects occur throughout nature.
For instance, Americans degrade the complex organisms we refer to as cattle at a mind-boggling rate. In the year 2000, somewhere around thirty-eight million of those highly organized and brilliantly functional organic systems, each capable of independently maintaining its energy level for a considerable number of years, were “degraded” to the more stable state we refer to as sewage by the process of our consumption.
That sewage is then consumed and degraded by specialized microorganisms even closer to thermodynamic equilibrium.
In that same year, each American converted an average of 195 pounds of red meat, poultry and fish into simpler forms. Every year of our lives, we convert more than our weight of other “higher life forms” into energy and protein which we use to battle the relentless march of entropy.
Each individual organism on earth is an efficient processing plant that is remarkably effective at making other organisms in the world around them - and even inorganic compounds - more “stable.”
Eating and finding food are so basic to the function of living things that in almost all organisms the brain is located near the entrance to the gut. There are several families of genes that govern both brain and gut development, which reflects the ancient relationship between the gut and the brain.
It is humbling to consider while pushing our carts through the grocery store that we may be utilizing the first and foremost purpose of our minds, but those are the facts. Like every other animal, our primary business in life is to find food that can be converted to energy to support the functioning of our bodies. What we do not use, we excre
A Message from a Real Space Cadet
By Chris Travis
Editor of Round Top Register of Round Top, Texas
Everyone I know says I am spaced out. My wife tells me I’m distracted and self absorbed. She says I have no sense of time, lose things constantly, and cannot be trusted with appliances and says these things are evidence of my dysfunction. According to her, I fade in and out of reality all the time… but she doesn’t know the half of it. The truth is … I am a real space cadet.
My friends think I’m a pie-in-the-sky dreamer too, a guy who spends most of his time in La La land. They’re too nice to say it, but half the time they think I act like I’m from another planet. I try to tell them what I have discovered about the inner workings of the universe, but their eyes just roll back in their heads like the reels in a slot machine. It happens so often I have taken to cupping my hands under their mouths on the hopes I will hit the jackpot. So far the only payoff I’ve gotten is a spray of spittle when they burst into laughter.
I know I am hoist on my own petard. It’s my own fault that people question my credibility. Part of my problem comes from publishing this little newspaper. In the past, I must admit I have written a few things that stretch the truth. Many people doubt my in-depth interviews with Santa Claus and Bigfoot are the real deal. I understand that some folks question whether the Register is really locked in a vicious print war with the New York Times; that our columnist is really over two hundred years old; or that Round Tops’s Town Marshall is really 6’9” tall and rides tornadoes.
These are reasonable doubts, and I cannot deny that I might have played loose with the facts a time or two for the sake of art. But in all fairness, anyone who studies physics will find what most of us think of as “the real world” doesn’t even exist. One of the founders of quantum physics, Erwin Schrodinger, points out that at the atomic level, all matter performs in a “completely disorderly heat motion, which opposes itself to their orderly behavior and does not allow the events that happen between a small number of atoms to enroll themselves according to any recognizable physical laws.”
That means that if you look closely at the building blocks of the universe from which everything is made-your car, your kids, your dinner, your new pair of shoes-you won’t find anything that looks anything like “facts or reality.”
Reality is just a story humans tell one another so we won’t be utterly overwhelmed by the immensity and utter complexity of the world we live in everyday. The universe is incomprehensibly vast. Life is unfathomably complex. Few of us have the slightest idea what is going on around us, and for the most part, we don’t want to know. Understanding the truth is a real blow to the ego, so who wants to face it?
The fact that everyone makes up their own reality is just one of the basic truths that even the most backward of the galaxy’s species takes for granted, but here on the old home planet we are still having a hard time getting the message. People on our planet often think there is some “real objective” world that is the same for everyone. This kind of provincialism is very embarrassing for a space ranger like myself. Put yourself in my shoes, you are at a cocktail party at a penthouse in an upscale tourist colony orbiting a gas giant in the Betelgeuse system, and your host, who looks like a six foot tall oyster with chrome hood ornaments suddenly shouts “Humans believe what?” and the whole party breaks up in a riotous laughter.
This kind of thing makes is very hard to act cool. Belonging to what many interstellar beings consider “one of the goofiest looking species in the universe” is hard enough, but being an intellectual laughing stock just adds insult to injury.
That is one of the reasons I have decided to come clean about my secret life and try to explain what is really going on in the universe to the rest of humanity.
Sugar Crystals on a String
My Strange situation began a long time ago when I first became a space cadet.
It began innocently enough. I had a big imagination as a child and was fascinated with the workings of the world – why sugar crystals appeared on a string suspended in salt water; why the program in your hand shivers and quakes in a concert hall when the strings crescendo at certain notes; why snow flakes are all unique, and other amazing mysteries of science.
When I was a kid, the world was a source of wonder for me, and that wondering set me to wandering in my mind…and the next thing you know I was a space cadet.
It all started when I met Tom Corbette and the Space Rangers. Tom was an all-American boy, tried and true, and a fellow cadet at the Interplanetary Space Academy. He and I teamed up with tow other young cadets. Roger, who was a real wise guy but a crack navigator, and Astro, our massive but good-natured engineer. The four of us rocketed all over the solar system before I was out of the sixth grade.
In the summer after I graduated from elementary school, I discovered a book called Glory Road, and found myself hopping from one dimension to the next.
That was where all the trouble started. It was fun, flitting from one alternate universe to another battling impossible odds, but there are serious consequences when you defy the laws of physics, and before long I was paying the piper.
I first began to notice strange things happening when I was in the seventh grade. That school year I lost three watches and four coats. My mother assumed I was simply careless, but as far as I could tell those personal items just disappeared. Right away I realized they had slipped into another time /space continuum but it was hard to prove to my mom.
Sadly, a little known effect of such quantum phenomena is that there is a corresponding perturbation in the electro-chemical energies passing through the synapses of the brain when they occur…which means you can’t actually remember the alternate universe events when they happen to you.
I knew those watches including the one with Roy Rogers and Trigger on the dial must lie half buried beneath the purple sands of a distant world.
They were probably being crushed under the twelve armored feet of a methane-breathing three-headed desert beast rather than lost in my school locker.
But no matter how articulate my argument, I couldn’t convince my unimaginative mother.
When I came home from school without my coat for the third time, she grounded me. That’s when I realized my life as starfarer was better kept a secret.
Now all these years later, I realize that I am not alone. There are other people like me out there in the world, lonely and lost, never seeming to fit in, observing a universe that their friends and neighbors can’t seem to perceive.
They are normal people except for a few unusual quirks. They tend to lose anything not chained to their belts. They are constantly looking for their keys, their cell phones, their screw drivers and their wallets. Important papers vaporize on their desks at work.
They have no sense of time. They have a hard time remembering names and phone numbers and never read directions. They leave lights on all over the house and can’t be trusted with toaster ovens.
They spend a lot of time lost in thought, staring off into space with wistful expressions on their faces. Sometimes they become fixated on watching a cloud, or a crawling bug, or the reflection of light on water, and you have to shake them to get their attention.
In other words, they have the attention span of a four-year-old.
If there is anyone in your life like this, I ask you to be patient and forgiving. They may be annoying and hard to live with, but they’re behavior is an unfortunate side effect of an important mission.
They’re secretly defending the earth against invasion by the forces of galactic evil. So give them a break. It easy to get a little distracted when you’re standing alone against the death rays of the machine-beings from the Crab Nebula. Facing such responsibility, anyone could forget a birthday or two.
These people disserve your respect because they are performing a valuable public service. Defending the planet earth from total annihilation is a thankless job, but someone’s got to do it.
Dimensional Schizophrenia
To my clients, friends and neighbors, I am a regular guy who happens to be a little eccentric. They assume that I lose things and can’t remember people’s names because I simply don’t pay attention, or because my brain was damaged in the 1960’s by recreational drugs.
Actually, I am constantly cycling from one dimension of space to another. I’ll be in Round Top talking on the cell phone or sitting at the drafting board designing someone’s country home…and then all of a sudden I’m taking four G’s as my spacecraft leaves the atmosphere of the fifth planet out from Alpha Centauri in pursuit of insectoid aliens bent on galactic domination.
Needless to say, these circumstances make it difficult for me to maintain my professional composure in my architecture firm. It’s hard to explain what is really going on, so I find it necessary to preserve the charade that I am simply a garden variety ditz. This guise has long worked to my advantage.
You learn a few things about the behavior of sentient life forms when you hang out with aliens from all over the galaxy. I’ve seen it over and over in fifty different star systems.
When some species find out you are different – and Homo Sapiens are among them – it makes them afraid, and organisms that are afraid have a tendency to get nasty.
It’s long been my opinion that it’s better to take a little lip, than to have your lip busted.
As a result, I have lived a double life up to now. But, I am throwing caution to the wind. I’m going to tell everybody what I have found out in my travels about what is really going on here on the planet earth.
I have to run to the house because I forgot to turn off the coffee percolator and the Queen is afraid I am going to burn the house down. I’ll clue you in as soon as I get back.
The Ultimate Truths
of Life on Earth
Whew! That was close. The bottom of the coffee pot was starting to look like a black hole. Being dimensionally challenged is really irritating sometimes
Now back to the facts about life on earth. There are a lot of facts that earthlings don’t really understand of course, more than I have time to share. After all we are a primitive race from a backwater planet in the rural areas of a minor galaxy. So in order to simplify this, I am going to focus on the top seven.
Important Truth I
The Aliens are getting restless.
For the last million years or so, most of galactic society has ignored human beings. I mean, there have been a few good sitcoms based on human beings, mostly comedies similar to Bedtime for Bonzo, but for the most part no one really cared. Human beings were just funny monkeys scratching themselves. Alien societies felt safe from the various types of violent madness we are so good at cooking up because we were stuck on the surface of our own planet and couldn’t get at them.
But then Neil Armstrong set foot on the moon, and that changed everything. Those of us who were alive when that happened experienced a very rare event. Life on earth is roughly 300 million years old. Each of us lives an average of about 70 years. That means the odds that any individual organism would be alive when a representative of life on earth actually set foot on another world is 4,285,714,286 to one.
It’s not just the Beatles that make us a unique generation, and this fact is not lost on folks who live in neighboring star systems. They are especially paranoid because things are happening awfully fast. Our seed is spreading. Voyager I is now about 8.7 billion miles from earth and moving towards them at 46,000 miles an hour. They watch the History Channel. They know what nutcases we are and it is making them nervous.
Now what you need to understand is that most of our neighbors in the galaxy are pretty nice folks. They tend to be forgive and forget types.
But there are races out there that view us the same way we view a venereal disease, and if they decide we need a dose of antibiotics, we are toast.
That’s the main reason I have decided to speak up. We need to get our act together in the next couple of generations, or our communal butts are going to be in a sling.
Important Truth II
You live in your own little world.
Each of us makes up our individual reality. I mean really. I’m not saying the material world doesn’t exist. There is a world out there, but each of us perceives it differently in significant ways.
Throughout the galaxy, every different organism has its own “real world.”
Highly social species like us can coordinate our behavior by talking and mimicking each other, and by building a common living space to channel our actions, but those are just tricks our brains have evolved so we can get more food and make more babies than the other animals we compete with for survival.
Bottom line, you have to guess about what the other guy is thinking.
After millions of years of evolution, our brains have gotten very good at guessing, but you don’t have the slightest idea what is going on in the minds of your wife, your husband, or your kids….let alone behind the fevered brows of Osama Bin Laden or Tom Delay.
There is no point in worrying about what other people think.
There is no point in talking to other people about what they think other people think.
There is no point to watching television shows or reading books about what other people think. You’ll never really know.
So just relax and pay attention, because the only way you are ever going to get any idea what a person thinks is by listening to them and watching their behavior.
On advanced worlds, listening and observing are competitive sports. You can get a Ph.D. in them. In many societies, talking is seen as an unpleasant but necessary metabolic process, something like urination or defecation. The smartest people never say a darn thing!
Important Truth III
You are never alone. You just think you are.
You are really just a cell in a bigger organism.
Every advanced society in the galaxy understands this.
I know you think paying your own bills and having your own body makes you all grown up and independent, but the truth is that you and every other living thing is just a piece of the living earth.
All the incredibly diverse species that cover our planet are just specialized cells like those in your body. Some are liver cells. Some are stomach lining. Some are neurons.
I know this is a blow to your ego, but it is time to grow up and face the music. You aren’t really all that important in the grand scheme of things. Even humanity as a whole is not all that big a deal. Our living planet was growing and evolving just fine for hundreds of millions of years before anyone invented a BMW.
It may seem like the American Idol results show, or your hangover is the center of the universe, but it really isn’t.
The reason you think you are an individual is because all living systems are built of small pieces that must be distinct from one another if they are to work. Identity is necessary for their functioning, just as an individual cell is important to the functioning of your pancreas.
What a liver cell thinks about the liver makes no difference. All that matters is whether it secretes bile. The same is true for you. I know this is hard to swallow, but time is running out so I can’t afford to break it to you gently.
Important Truth IV
Everything in the universe is always running down.
Human scientists call this fact the Second Law of Thermodynamics, or entropy. Most physicists consider it the most general law of nature.
When the energy in any system – a star or a living organism – runs down to the point that it becomes a dead, inert lump of matter, it reaches a state that a physicist calls thermodynamic equilibrium, or maximum entropy. It can also be described as “greater order” as significant change in its form stops for all practical purposes.
Most substances degrade relatively rapidly from the relative disorder caused by heat to a more “stable order” as they cool to absolute zero, but the march towards maximum entropy exhibits itself in many other ways. When two solutions are mixed - for instance a jar of sugar water and a jar of plain water - the sugar has a “goal” of becoming equally distributed throughout the liquid water. When it reaches that state, maximum entropy is achieved.
Such effects occur throughout nature.
For instance, Americans degrade the complex organisms we refer to as cattle at a mind-boggling rate. In the year 2000, somewhere around thirty-eight million of those highly organized and brilliantly functional organic systems, each capable of independently maintaining its energy level for a considerable number of years, were “degraded” to the more stable state we refer to as sewage by the process of our consumption.
That sewage is then consumed and degraded by specialized microorganisms even closer to thermodynamic equilibrium.
In that same year, each American converted an average of 195 pounds of red meat, poultry and fish into simpler forms. Every year of our lives, we convert more than our weight of other “higher life forms” into energy and protein which we use to battle the relentless march of entropy.
Each individual organism on earth is an efficient processing plant that is remarkably effective at making other organisms in the world around them - and even inorganic compounds - more “stable.”
Eating and finding food are so basic to the function of living things that in almost all organisms the brain is located near the entrance to the gut. There are several families of genes that govern both brain and gut development, which reflects the ancient relationship between the gut and the brain.
It is humbling to consider while pushing our carts through the grocery store that we may be utilizing the first and foremost purpose of our minds, but those are the facts. Like every other animal, our primary business in life is to find food that can be converted to energy to support the functioning of our bodies. What we do not use, we excre











